Hooke's law-Strength and deformation-Democracies weak

Hooke's Law and Democracies weak-A disturbing analogy

Introduction

The objective of this test is to determine the impact of tyranny or dictatorship, populist governments and other perverse forms of government on the identity, morality, will, aspirations of a people, i.e. its ethos. A phenomenon of physics, elasticity, it is useful to explain this situation.

Materials, such as metals, in the course of life are subjected to stresses or loads acting on them causing deformations or variations in the dimensions. A metal bar can be stretched, compressed, twisted, cut, and in any case, the ability to withstand external forces and these effects depends on the material and its properties.

When stress, strain are small loads Hooke's Law applies, which states that the deformations of bodies subjected to these loads are linearly proportional. In figure 1, corresponding to materials like copper or soft iron, the point a indicates the limit to which the linear proportionality is met. If stress or load extends to the point b, you reach the limit of elasticity. This indicates that when finished the exercise, the body recovers its shape and / or initial dimensions; the behavior is elastic. Also, reversible deformation forces are conservative.

When switching point b by gradually increasing the load, the body is deformed but when it stops or interrupts the effort as not fully recover the original shape or size, plastic deformation is permanent, irreversible; in the red line that  shows shape recovery, a residual deformation is observed. While it is not broken or fragmented body, is said to be ductile, when the body breaks down to more than the load corresponding to point b, is a fragile body. In the limit (point d) called breakpoint, anybody will break.

An important detail that engineers must consider is that even when the material is elastic, when the stress is applied many times, material fatigue occurs, loses its elasticity, deformation or rupture occur less effort.

Adaptation of Hooke's law society

Let's do an exercise in imagination to associate the stress or strain on a material with the harmful political pressure on society. This harmful policy lies with the existence of an oppressive government, violator of rights and freedoms, manipulative (dictatorship, tyranny, populist government). The deformation of the material corresponds to the deformation of ethos, which represents the soul, consciousness, the aspirations of a people.

A greater degree of political pressure corresponds to a harmful hardening of tyranny, a systematic and cruel violation of human rights and freedoms, greater deformation corresponds to a debasement of the country, to a gradual loss of social consciousness, pride, of the virtues, social values, a growing renunciation of the struggle for greatness.

The elasticity concept we can associate to the resilience concept, applicable to all entities live like a palm tree that resists storms or thinking being with will, as a person or a company. It is the resilience of critical situations or problems of great social impact. When a person is resilient despite experiencing intense personal tragedy, does not cease in their effort to be a better person; pain or loss are real but not completely nullify the will of improvement as a human being. A village, a society  are resilient when it exceeds collective tragedies, emerges from the ashes and moves towards its goals, despite the pain and cost of such tragedies. Japan and Germany after the Second World are examples of collective resilience.

In Figure 2 the analogy with Hooke's Law is shown. At point b, limit of elasticity (or limit resilience), a village under a dictatorship when it ends, he fully recovers and keeps intact its national values, culture, national vocation, his worldview. If one democratic society say that democracy is strong. When the yield strength or resilience is exceeded, the recovery is not complete, some deformation is as indelible mark, something the national ethos has been affected. It is a weak democracy.

How to explain this? In dictatorships such as Cuba or North Corea, those who control the country, force the people  become a group of spies, informers and collaborators in exchange for patronage and favoritism. It is uncommon to betray or denounce their own relatives if it is to get something that is now scarce, limited and only available to those with the power and direct or indirect access to them.

Before they came to power tyrants who control these countries, there was a level of trust and solidarity in the population. Each struggled to prosper and achieve individual and collective goals, but it was never intended to prevent others succeed.

When ending the dictatorship or tyranny, as effect of successful opposition groups or any miraculous event of external origin, it is not possible that all citizens exhibit similar behavior to that which existed before the dictatorship began. It remains as a crack in the social ethos, confidence is a utopia, the overall solidarity is not possible; perhaps in the long run if they have passed at least three or four generations after the end of the dictatorship. In Spain, still remains a divisive the ominous shadow of the dictator Franco and have spent nearly fifty years.

Figure 3 the position of some countries is shown. The case of Iceland is useful to understand the idea of ​​resilience. In 2008 there was a crisis in Western Europe and the US economy, caused by the mistakes and greed of bankers, as well as complicity and complacency of politicians. The solution of governments was to bet on the bailout of banks leaving unprotected population, victim of the greed and carelessness. However, in Iceland, the population decided to go against the extended solution and overcome their situation without saving the banks or permit or tolerate political impunity. Various acts concluded with the imprisonment of some benching, politicians and most importantly, the economic crisis was overcome without resorting to measure perverse from save banks and plunge people. Xavier Moret, a Spanish writer in his book "Revolution under the volcano" presents this singular fact, little known in the West because  "bad examples" like this (from the point of view of politicians and corrupt bankers) should not be disclosed.

The Icelandic people maintained their dignity, values, goals, and to cease the effort or evil force (the economic tyranny and collusion policy for cheating) regained its essence. In the case of Peru, the populist activity rulers (presidents, mayors and so far there) induces people to think better that effort is the renunciation of dignity and monitoring or subservience of these rulers to reach the media that allow them to live. That explains why despite a politician is clearly dishonest and evidences are visible even to the blind, the people reelects them. The motto is "Roba pero hace obra”, “Thiefs but does work" indicating that there is a debasement, a knowing attitude with immoral ruler. No rebellion, rejection, only the expectation of being part of the privileged group at some point.

It is true that power is achieved through democratic elections, the people voluntarily choose their rulers but the institutional fragility reveals a weak, imperfect democracy, prone to further weakening; the social ethos is weak and may weaken and debase even more.

The case of Argentina is similar; that of Venezuela is more critical. Despite having absolutely restricted freedoms, people think it is better to undergo a dictator who assures effortless minimum subsistence rather than trust someone who promises improvements in exchange for a temporary collective effort or sacrifice. The dictators of the country qualify squalid derisively as the protesters but really what they have achieved is to be scrawny Venezuelan ethos.

In engineering, the search for new materials, alloys and other improvement processes can extend the point of elasticity or improve the capacity of elasticity of the materials. On the social side, extensive education and comprehensive review is the key to the resilience of society is greater Why Venezuela's government systematically denies the possibility of an improvement in education? No need to think hard to realize that it is better to have ignorant people eating from hand educated than critical and people that calls for transparency, honesty, actual work and the ability to be creators and masters of their destiny.

When approaching or has reached the point of social rupture, the ethos of a people is so deteriorated, so debased that the only collective sentiment is instinctive referred to survival. Do not perceive anything on the horizon, even in the short term, all that matters is arrive living the next day. This reflects the tragedy of African and Arab peoples suffering the curse of the diaspora and absolutely harmful governments. For them there is neither past nor future, only an absolutely precarious present reduced similar to that of vagrancy condition.

Why in Peru's situation does not improve education? The percentage of GDP devoted this sector is growing, but even reach 10%, apparently hidden slogan is to prevent a real improvement of education.

Figure 4 shows the effect of raising the ceiling of resilience. The harder tyranny or dictatorship of the more nefarious than the populist government, there will be greater possibility of social recovery at the end of these governments. Moreover, it is also true that a higher educational level is more difficult the emergence of these governments.

References

Young, Hugh D.; Freedman, Roger A. (2009) Sears-Zemanski, University Physics, vol. One

 Addison-Wesley, Twelfth Edition; PEARSON EDUCATION, Mexico, 2009